Publications

2012

• Caldeira, K. (2012) The Great Climate Experiment. How far can we push the planet? Scientific American, September 2012, pp. 78-83.
• Davis, S. J., Peters, G. P., Caldeira, K. The supply chain of CO2 emissions. PNAS 2011, 108 (45) 18554–18559
• Douglas G. MacMynowski, David W. Keith, Ken Caldeira and Ho-Jeong Shin (2011), Can we test geoengineering? Energy Environ. Sci., 4, 5044-5052 DOI: 10.1039/C1EE01256H
• Myhrvold, N.P., and K. Caldeira, 2012. Greenhouse gases, climate change, and the transition from coal to low-carbon electricity. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 7, 014019 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/014019. 2012.
• Pongratz, J., and K. Caldeira, 2012: Attribution of atmospheric CO2 and temperature increases to regions: importance of preindustrial land use change. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 7, 034001 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034001

• Pongratz, J., D. B. Lobell, L. Cao, and K. Caldeira (2012), Crop yields in a geoengineered climate, Nature Climate Change, doi: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1373

2011

• Anthony, K. R. N., Maynard, J. A., Diaz-Pulido, G., Mumby, P. J., Marshall, P. A., Cao, L. and Hoegh-Guldberg, O. (2011), Ocean acidification and warming will lower coral reef resilience. Global Change Biology, 17: 1798–1808. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02364.x
• Ban-Weiss, G. A., G. Bala, L. Cao, J. Pongratz, and K. Caldeira (2011), Climate forcing and response to idealized changes in surface latent and sensible heat. Environmental Research Letters 6.3, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/3/034032
• Ban-Weiss, George A., L. Cao, G. Bala, K. Caldeira, Dependence of climate forcing and response on the altitude of black carbon aerosols, Climate Dynamics, April 13, 2011, DOI: 10.1007/s00382-011-1052-y
• Caldeira K., and S. J. Davis (2011), Accounting for carbon dioxide emissions: A matter of time, PNAS May 11, 2011, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1106517108
• Cao, L., G. Bala, and K. Caldeira, 2011. Why is there a short-term increase in global precipitation in response to diminished CO2 forcing? Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 38, L06703, 6 PP., doi:10.1029/2011GL046713. Mar 24 2011.
• Pongratz, J., K. Caldeira, C. H. Reick, and M. Claussen. Coupled climate–carbon simulations indicate minor global effects of wars and epidemics on atmospheric CO2 between AD 800 and 1850. The Holocene. DOI: 10.1177/0959683610386981. Jan 20 2011.
• Pongratz, J., C. Reick, T. Raddatz, K. Caldeira, and M. Claussen (2011), Past land use decisions have increased mitigation potential of reforestation, Geophys. Res. Lett., doi:10.1029/2011GL047848
• Schneider, K., J. Silverman, E. Woolsey, H. Eriksson, M. Byrne, and K. Caldeira (2011), Potential influence of sea cucumbers on coral reef CaCO3 budget: A case study at One Tree Reef, J. Geophys. Res., 116, G04032, doi:10.1029/2011JG001755.

2010

• Anderson, Ray G., J. Canadell, J. Randerson, R. Jackson, B. Hungate, D. Baldocchi, G. Ban-Weiss, G. Bonan, K. Caldeira, L. Cao, N. Diffenbaugh, K. Gurney, L. Kueppers, B. Law, S. Luyssaert, and T. O’Halloran. Biophysical considerations in forestry for climate protection. Front Ecol Environ 2010; doi:10.1890/090179

• Bala, G., Ken Caldeira, Rama Nemani, Long Cao, George Ban-Weiss, and Ho-Jeong Shin. 2010. Albedo enhancement of marine clouds to counteract global warming: impacts on the hydrological cycle. Climate Dynamics (6). doi:10.1007/s00382-010-0868-1
• Ban-Weiss, G. A., & K. Caldeira. 2010. Geoengineering as an optimization problem. ERL, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/5/3/034009
• Caldeira, K. and D. Keith. 2010. The Need for Climate Engineering Research, Issues in Science and Technology, Fall 2010, 57-62.
• Cao, L., G. Bala, K. Caldeira, R. Nemani, and G. Ban-Weiss. 2010. Importance of carbon dioxide physiological forcing to future climate change. PNAS, May 5, 2010, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0913000107
• Cao, L., and K. Caldeira. Atmospheric carbon dioxide removal: long-term consequences and commitment. 2010, Environmental Research Letters. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/5/2/024011
• Cao, L., and K. Caldeira. 2010. Can ocean iron fertilization mitigate ocean acidification? Climatic Change, Springer Netherlands. Volume 99, 1-2. March 2010. DOI: 10.1007/s10584-010-9799-4
• Davis, S. J., and K. Caldeira, 2010. Consumption-based accounting of CO2 emissions, PNAS March 8, 2010, doi:10.1073/pnas.0906974107
• Davis, S. J., K. Caldeira, and H. D. Matthews. Future CO2 emissions and climate change from existing energy infrastructure, Science, Sep 09, 2010, doi:10.1073/pnas.0906974107
• National Academy Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change, 2010. America’s Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change.

2009

• Archer, C.L., and K. Caldeira, 2009. Global Assessment of High-Altitude Wind Power, Energies, 2(2), 307-319; doi:10.3390/en20200307
• Archer D., Eby M, Brovkin V, Ridgwell, A., Cao, L., Mikolajeicz, Caldeira, K., Matsumoto, K, Munhoven, G., Montenegro, A., and K. Tokos, 2009. Atmospheric Lifetime of Fossil Fuel Carbon Dioxide, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 37,117-134
• Bala, G., Caldeira, K., Nemani, R., Fast versus slow response in climate change: implications for the global hydrological cycle, Climate Dynamics, 2009
• Beerling, D.J., Berner, R., Caldeira, K., and Pagani, M., The role of terrestrial plants in limiting atmospheric CO2 decline over the past 24 million years, Nature 460, 85-89; doi:10.1038/nature081333, 2009
• Cao, L., G. Bala, K. Caldeira, R. Nemani, and G. Ban-Weiss, 2009. Climate response to physiological forcing of carbon dioxide simulated by the coupled Community Atmosphere Model (CAM3.1) and Community Land Model (CLM3.0). Geophysical Research Letters, 36, L10402, doi:10.1029/2009GL037724
• Cao, L., Eby, M., Ridgwell, A., Caldeira, K., Archer, D., Ishida, A., Joos, F., Matsumoto, K., Mikolajewicz, U., Mouchet, A., Orr, J. C., Plattner, G.-K., Schlitzer, R., Tokos, K., Totterdell, I., Tschumi, T., Yamanaka, Y., and Yool, A. The role of ocean transport in the uptake of anthropogenic CO2. Biogeosciences, 6, 375-390. 2009
• Matthews, D.L., L. Cao, and K. Caldeira. 2009. Sensitivity of ocean acidification to geoengineered climate stabilization. Geophysical Research Letters,. 36, L10706, doi:10.1029/2009GL037488/
• Silverman, J., B. Lazar, L. Cao, K. Caldeira, and J. Erez, 2009. Coral reefs may start dissolving when atmospheric CO2 doubles, Geophysical Research Letters 36, L05606, doi:10.1029/2008GL036282

2008

• Adams, EE, Caldeira, K, 2008. Ocean Storage Of CO2, Elements 4 (5):319-324, DOI: 10.2113/gselements.4.5.319
• Archer, CL; Caldeira, K, 2008. Historical trends in the jet streams, Geophysical Research Letters 35 (8), DOI: 10.1029/2008GL033614
• Buesseler, K.O., S.C. Doney, D.M. Karl, P.W. Boyd, K. Caldeira, F. Chai, K.H. Coale, H.J.W. de Baar, P.G. Falkowski, K.S. Johnson, R.S. Lampitt, A.F. Michaels, S.W.A. Naqvi, V. Smetacek, S. Takeda, and A.J. Watson, Environment - Ocean iron fertilization - Moving forward in a sea of uncertainty, Science 319 (5860) 162-162, 2008
• Caldeira, K; Wood, L, 2008. Global and Arctic climate engineering: numerical model studies, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences 366 (1882):4039-4056, DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2008.0132
• Cao, L; Caldeira, K, 2008. Atmospheric CO2 stabilization and ocean acidification, Geophysical Research Letters 35 (19), DOI: 10.1029/2008GL035072
• Griffith, EM; Paytan, A; Caldeira, K; Bullen, TD; Thomas, E, 2008. A Dynamic Marine Calcium Cycle During the Past 28 Million Years, Science 322 (5908):1671-1674, DOI: 10.1126/Science.1163614
• Jackson, R. B.; Randerson, J. T.; Canadell, J. G.; Anderson, R. G.; Avissar, R.; Baldocchi, D. D.; Bonan, G. B.; Caldeira, K.; Diffenbaugh, N. S.; Field, C. B.; Hungate, B. A.; Jobbagy, E. G.; Kueppers, L. M.; Nosetto, M. D.; Pataki, D. E., 2008. Protecting climate with forests, Environmental Research Letters 3 (4):44006
• Matthews, HD; Caldeira, K, 2008. Stabilizing climate requires near-zero emissions, Geophysical Research Letters 35 (4), DOI: 10.1029/2007GL032388
• Schwartzman, D; Caldeira, K; Pavlov, A, 2008. Cyanobacterial emergence at 2.8 gya and greenhouse feedbacks, Astrobiology 8 (1):187-203, DOI: 10.1089/ast.2006.0074
• Zeebe, RE; Caldeira, K, 2008. Close mass balance of long-term carbon fluxes from ice-core CO2 and ocean chemistry records, Nature Geoscience 1 (5):312-315, DOI: 10.1038/ngeo185
• Zeebe, RE; Zachos, JC; Caldeira, K; Tyrrell, T. 2008. Oceans - Carbon emissions and acidification, Science 321 (5885):51-52, DOI: 10.1126/science.1159124

2007

• Bala G, Caldeira, K., Wickett M, et al. Combined climate and carbon-cycle effects of large-scale deforestation, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104 (16): 6550-6555, 2007
• Caldeira, K; Archer, D; Barry, JP; Bellerby, RGJ; Brewer, PG; Cao, L; Dickson, AG; Doney, SC; Elderfield, H; Fabry, VJ; Feely, RA; Gattuso, JP; Haugan, PM; Hoegh-Guldberg, O; Jain, AK; Kleypas, JA; Langdon, C; Orr, JC; Ridgwell, A; Sabine, CL; Seibel, BA; Shirayama, Y; Turley, C; Watson, AJ; Zeebe, RE, 2007. Comment on "Modern-age buildup of CO2 and its effects on seawater acidity and salinity" by Hugo A. Loaiciga, Geophysical Research Letters 34 (18): Art. No. L18608, 2007
• Caldeira, K, 2007. What Corals are Dying to Tell Us About CO2 and Ocean Acidification, Oceanography 20 (2):188-195
• Cao L., K. Caldeira and A.K. Jain, Effects of carbon dioxide and climate change on ocean acidification and carbonate mineral saturation, Geophysical Research Letters 34 (5): Art. No. L05607, 2007
• Hoegh-Guldberg, O., P.J. Mumby, A.J. Hooten, R.S. Steneck, P. Greenfield, E. Gomez, D.R. Harvell, P.F. Sale, A.J. Edwards, K. Caldeira, N. Knowlton, C.M. Eakin, R. Iglesias-Prieto, N. Muthiga, R.H. Bradbury, A. Dubi and M.E. Hatziolos. Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification, Science 318, 2007
• Lutz, M. J., K. Caldeira, R. B. Dunbar, and M. J. Behrenfeld. Seasonal rhythms of net primary production and particulate organic carbon flux to depth describe the efficiency of biological pump in the global ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 112, C10011, doi:10.1029/2006JC003706, 2007
• Matthews, H.D., and K. Caldeira, Transient climate-carbon simulations of planetary geoengineering, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104 (24): 9949-9954, 2007
• Najjar, R. G., X. Jin, F. Louanchi, O. Aumont, K. Caldeira, S. C. Doney, J.-C. Dutay, M. Follows, N. Gruber, F. Joos, K. Lindsay, E. Maier-Reimer, R. J. Matear, K. Matsumoto, P. Monfray, A. Mouchet, J. C. Orr, G.-K. Plattner, J. L. Sarmiento, R. Schlitzer, R. D. Slater, M.-F. Weirig, Y. Yamanaka, and A. Yool. Impact of circulation on export production, dissolved organic matter, and dissolved oxygen in the ocean: Results from Phase II of the Ocean Carbon-cycle Model Intercomparison Project (OCMIP-2). Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 21, GB3007, doi:10.1029/2006GB002857, 2007
• Rau, G.H., K.G. Knauss, W.H. Langer and K. Caldeira. Reducing energy-related CO2 emissions using accelerated weathering of limestone, Energy 32 (8): 1471-1477, 2007
• Roberts, B.W., S.H. Shepard, K. Caldeira, M.E. Cannon, D.G. Eccles, A.J. Grenier and J.F. Freidlin, Harnessing high-altitude wind power, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 22 (1): 136-144, 2007

2006

• Bala, G., K. Caldeira, A. Mirin, M. Wickett., C. Delire and T.J. Philips, Biogeophysical effects of CO2 fertilization on global climate. Tellus B 58 (5) 620-627, 2006
• Caldeira, K., Forests, climate, and silicate rock weathering. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 88 (1-3) 419-422 Special Issue, 2006
• Pagani, M., K. Caldeira, D. Archer and J.C. Zachos, An ancient carbon mystery. Science 314, 1556-1557, 2006

2005

• Bala, G., K. Caldeira, A. Mirin, M. Wickett and C. Delire, Multicentury changes to the global climate and carbon cycle: Results from a coupled climate and carbon cycle model. Journal of Climate 18 (21) 4531-4544, 2005
• Bala, G., S. Thompson, A. Mirin, M. Wickett, K. Caldeira and C. Delire Increase of carbon cycle feedback with climate sensitivity: results from a coupled climate and carbon cycle model Tellus B 57 (2) 153 -- 163 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2005.00135.x, 2005
• Caldeira, K., and M.E. Wickett, Ocean model predictions of chemistry changes from carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 110, C09S04, doi:10.1029/2004JC002671, 2005
• Gibbard, S., K. Caldeira, G. Bala, T.J. Philips and M. Wickett, Climate effects of global land cover change. Geophysical Research Letters 32 (23) L23705, 2005
• Grumet, N.S., P.B. Duffy, M.E. Wickett, K. Caldeira, and R.B. Dunbar, Intrabasin comparison of surface radiocarbon levels in the Indian Ocean between coral records and three-dimensional global ocean models. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 19 (2) GB2010, 2005
• Rampino, M.R., and K. Caldeira, Major perturbation of ocean chemistry and a “Strangelove Ocean” after the end-Permian mass extinction, Terra Nova 17 (6) 554-559, 2005

2004

• Doney S.C., K. Lindsay K, Caldeira, J.-M. Campin, H. Drange, J. C. Dutay, M. Follows, Y. Gao, A. Gnanadesikan, N. Gruber, A. Ishida, F. Joos,G. Madec, E. Maier-Reimer, J. C. Marshall, R. J. Matear, P. Monfray, A. Mouchet, R. Najjar, J. C. Orr, G.-K. Plattner, J. Sarmiento, R. Schlitzer, R. Slater, I. J. Totterdell, M. F. Weirig, Y. Yamanaka, and A. Yool. Evaluating global ocean carbon models: The importance of realistic physics. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18 (3): Art. No. GB3017, 2004
• Matsumoto K, Sarmiento JL, Key RM, Aumont O, Bullister JL, Caldeira, K., Campin JM, Doney SC, Drange H, Dutay JC, Follows M, Gao Y, Gnanadesikan A, Gruber N, Ishida A, Joos F, Lindsay K, Maier-Reimer E, Marshall JC, Matear RJ, Monfray P, Mouchet A, Najjar R, Plattner GK, Schlitzer R, Slater R, Swathi PS, Totterdell IJ, Weirig MF, Yamanaka Y, Yool A, Orr JC, Evaluation of ocean carbon cycle models with data-based metrics, Geophysical Research Letters 31, Art No. L007303, 2004
• Mueller K, L. Cao, K. Caldeira and A. Jain. Differing methods of accounting ocean carbon sequestration efficiency. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans 109 (C12): Art. No. C12018, 2004
• Thompson SL, Govindasamy B, Mirin A, K. Caldeira, C. Delire, J. Milovich, M. Wickett, and D. Erickson. Quantifying the effects of CO2-fertilized vegetation on future global climate and carbon dynamics. Geophysical Research Letters 31 (23): Art. No. L23211 DEC 11 2004

2003

• Bala, G., K. Caldeira, and P.B. Duffy, Geoengineering Earth’s radiation balance to mitigate climate change from a quadrupling of CO2, Global and Planetary Change 37, 157–168, 2003
• Caldeira, K., A.K. Jain, and M.I. Hoffert, Climate sensitivity uncertainty and the need for energy without CO2 emission, Science 299, 2052-2054, 2003
• Caldeira, K., and M.E. Wickett, Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH, Nature 425, 365-365, 2003
• Fallon, S.J., T.P. Guilderson, and K. Caldeira, Carbon isotope constraints on vertical mixing and air–sea CO2 exchange, Geophysical Research Letters 30, Art No. 2289, 2003
• Herzog, H., K. Caldeira, and J. Reilly. An issue of permanence: Assessing the effectiveness of ocean carbon sequestration, Climatic Change 59, 293–310, 2003
• Ridgwell, A,J,, M.J. Kennedy, and K. Caldeira, Carbonate deposition, climate stability, and Neoproterozoic ice ages, Science 302, 859–862, 2003
• Wickett, M.E., K. Caldeira and P.B. Duffy, Effect of horizontal grid resolution on simulations of oceanic CFC-11 uptake and direct injection of anthropogenic CO2, Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 108, Art. No. 3189, 2003

2002

• Bala, G., S. Thompson, P. Duffy, K. Caldeira and C. Delire, Impact of geoengineering schemes on the terrestrial biosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 10.1029/2002GL015911, 2002
• Caldeira, K., M.E. Wickett, and P.B. Duffy. Depth, radiocarbon and the effectiveness of direct CO2 injection as an ocean carbon sequestration strategy. Geophysical Research Letters, 10.1029/2001GL014234, 2002
• Dutay, J.C., J.L. Bullister, S.C. Doney, J.C. Orr, R. Najjar, K. Caldeira, J.-M. Champin, H. Drange, M. Follows, Y. Gao, N. Gruber, M.W. Hecht, A. Ishida, F. Joos, K. Lindsay, G. Madec, E. Maier-Reimer, J.C. Marshall, R.J. Matear, P. Monfray, G.-K. Plattner, J. Sarmiento, R. Schlitzer, R. Slater, I.J. Totterdell, M.-F. Weirig, Y. Yamanaka, and A. Yool, Evaluation of ocean model ventilation with CFC-11: comparison of 13 global ocean models. Ocean Modeling 4, 89–120, 2002
• Hoffert, M.I., K. Caldeira, G. Benford, D.R. Criswell, C. Green, H. Herzog, J.W. Katzenberger, H.S. Kheshgi, K.S. Lackner, J.S. Lewis, W. Manheimer, J.C. Mankins, G. Marland, M.E. Mauel, L.J. Perkins, M.E. Schlesinger, T. Volk, and T.M.L. Wigley, Advanced technology paths to global climate stability: Energy for a greenhouse planet, Science 295, 981–987, 2002

2001

• Bala, G., P.B. Duffy, and K. Caldeira, Land use changes and Northern Hemisphere cooling, Geophysical Research Letters 28, 291-294, 2001
• Herzog, H., K. Caldeira and E. Adams, Carbon Sequestration via Direct Injection. In J H Steele, S A Thorpe and K K Turekian (eds) Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences Vol. 1, pp 408 - 414. London, UK: Academic Press, 2001

2000

• Bala G., and K. Caldeira, Geoengineering Earth’s radiation balance to mitigate CO2-induced climate change, Geophysical Research Letters 27, 2141-2144, 2000
• Caldeira, K., and P.B. Duffy, The role of the Southern Ocean in uptake and storage of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, Science 287, 620–622, 2000
• Caldeira, K., and G.H. Rau, Accelerating carbonate dissolution to sequester carbon dioxide in the ocean: Geochemical implications, Geophysical Research Letters, 27, 225–228, 2000

1999

• Caldeira, K., and Berner, R., Seawater pH and atmospheric carbon dioxide (Technical comment), Science 286, 2043a–2043a, 1999
• Hoffert, M.I, Caldeira, K., Covey, C., Duffy, P.B., and Santer, B., Solar variability and anthropogenic climate change (reply), Nature 401, 764–764, 1999
• Kerrick, D.M., and Caldeira, K., Was the Himalayan orogen a climatically-significant coupled source and sink for atmospheric CO2 during the Cenozoic? Earth and Planetary Science Letters 173, 195–203, 1999
• Rau, G.H., and Caldeira, K. Enhanced carbonate dissolution: A means of sequestering waste CO2 as ocean bicarbonate. Energy Conversion and Management 40, 1803–1813, 1999

1998

• Bickle, M., K. Caldeira, and R.A. Berner, The need for mass balance and feedback in the geochemical carbon cycle: Reply, Geology 26, 478-478, 1998
• Caldeira, K., G.H. Rau, and P.B. Duffy, Predicted net efflux of radiocarbon from the ocean and increase in atmospheric radiocarbon content, Geophysical Research Letters 25, 3811–3814, 1998
• Hoffert M.I., K. Caldeira, A.K. Jain, E.F. Haites, L.D.D. Harvey, S. D. Potter, M.E. Schlesinger, S. H. Schneider, R.G. Watts, T. M. L Wigley, and D. J. Wuebbles. Energy implications of future stabilization of atmospheric CO2 content. Nature 395, 881–884, 1998

1997

• Berner, R.A., and K. Caldeira, The need for mass balance and feedback in the geochemical carbon cycle, Geology 25, 955–956, 1997
• Duffy, P. B., and K. Caldeira, Sensitivity of simulated salinity in a three-dimensional ocean model to upper-ocean transport of salt from sea-ice formation, Geophysical Research Letters 24, 1323–1326, 1997

1995

• Duffy, P.B., and K. Caldeira, A three-dimensional model calculation of ocean uptake of bomb 14C and implications for the global budget of bomb 14C, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9, 373–375, 1995
• Duffy, P.B., P. Eltgroth, A. J. Bourgeois, and K. Caldeira, Effect of improved subgrid scale transport of tracers on uptake of bomb radiocarbon in the GFDL ocean general circulation model, Geophysical Research Letters 22, 1065–1068, 1995
• Kerrick, D.M., M.A. McKibbon, T.M. Seward, and K. Caldeira, Convective hydrothermal CO2 emissions from high heat flow regions, Chemical Geology 121, 285–293, 1995

1994

• Kerrick, D.M. and K. Caldeira, Post-125 Ma carbon storage associated with continent-continent collision — comment. Geology 22, 381–382, 1994
• Rampino, M.R. and K. Caldeira, The Goldilocks problem: climatic evolution and long-term habitability of terrestrial planets, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 32, 83–114, 1994

1993

• Caldeira, K. and J.F. Kasting, Insensitivity of global warming potentials to carbon dioxide emission scenarios, Nature 366, 251–253, 1993
• Caldeira, K. and M.R. Rampino, Aftermath of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction — possible biogeochemical stabilization of the carbon cycle and climate, Paleoceanography 8, 515-525, 1993

1992

• Caldeira, K. and Kasting, J.F., Susceptibility of the early Earth to irreversible glaciation caused by CO2 clouds, Nature 359, 226–228, 1992
• Caldeira, K. and Kasting, J.F., Life span of the biosphere revisited, Nature 360, 721–723, 1992.
• Rampino, M.R. and Caldeira, K., Antipodal hotspots on the Earth, Geophysical Research Letters 19, 2011–2014, 1992

1991

• Caldeira, K. and M.R. Rampino, The mid-Cretaceous super plume, carbon dioxide, and global warming, Geophysical Research Letters 18, 987-990, 1991

1990

• Caldeira, K. and M.R. Rampino, Carbon dioxide emissions from Deccan volcanism and a K/T boundary greenhouse effect, Geophysical Research Letters 17, 1299-1302, 1990

1989

• Caldeira, K., Evolutionary pressures on planktonic production of atmospheric sulphur, Nature 337, 632-634, 1989